Re: Have You Heard This One?

W Ramsay ( w.ramsay@Strath.ac.uk )
Wed, 01 Nov 1995 14:21:58 +0000

--=====================_815260918==_
Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Jim Mancuso, following up on Harry Oxley:

>Hello to the PCP networkers:
>
> I feel a bit uncomfortable as I plan to build on Oxley's message --
>which I see as being only tangentionally related to PCP, in that all those
gems
>require that we do a bit of stretching of our alternative constructions in
>order to get the point. [We could begin a discussion of a sound PCP
>interpretation of humor!]

I'm with you, Jim. In fact, following a somewhat elevated conversation (the
participants, not the tone) in Barcelona at the welcome knees-up in which
that very ideas was raised I started some notes on the same. These are
appended, thery're still pretty scrappy and in some cses may show overlaps,
not to mention ignorance, but I offer them as a starter.

Regards,

Bill.

--=====================_815260918==_
Content-type: application/mac-binhex40; name="HUMOUR2"

(This file must be converted with BinHex 4.0)
:"dK968p98M)!2cmr2cmr2cm!!!!!6jB!!!!!'%$r9e"$ZcN!!!%+!!%!!!!!qrm
&!$)!AJ8!!!B!%!!!!%)!!!!!!V!%!!"5!!!!$!"D!!!!!J8!!!N!!J!!!&`&!!!
!)h`!G`!!!!-!!!%1!!!!!!%L!))!8`&S!F%"%3)e!K`$i`1U"2rrrrqZ"2rrrrr
rreif299FA+1226dpA+-p26dpA&aFA&aFA&aFA$dpYk1h8D1%Fhk)Fff%L$e(JA1
QL)4TK(TLFiL%VB5%Gcdp29aF29&F89a429aF-c0F-ipFA&aF4%FcA&b%A&a489a
4YmpF!&aF!!"FA&`!!!!p!&aFA&aFA!"FA&`c!)44K&'%8B44K&'MHRj4Fe&c8A0
4Fe%p-cdc26-p-iKFK&b%A)4FK&b)A)KFL&b)A)4FK&')A)4FK&b%A)KFD9b%A)4
FK&`!!(jFIPaqA)KFFeacA(0FFe`!!)4FK&b%A)4FK&b)A)KFA$0FA&aF!!#'CPa
FJ9`!!(0FFeac-h-c!!!!EBKFL&b%A)4FSi3!!(TFHP`!!'*(BPaLA(0FFeacA)K
FL&b)A)KF!!!!!+f%K&`!!(G4%cd!!!!!!&aF!!!!23!!!!!!!$dp9lHhYlHhYlH
hYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlHhYhKiH(KiH(K
iH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(K1K)5%A!"FA$e45dYFA+&
FA&bMSea"A&aFA+0"!$dp!&pIA+-`-,HhA&a`F)ZhA,GFK&`!ECQCCQDM!!!!!!!
pA`!!!!!!!&`!!+d!h3!!35+hYlHhK)5hYlGFK,HhAi5%Sk1hYlF!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!A1@MSlHhY`!B!+0F26fhYlHhYi4`Yk1%K)5%K)5%K)5%H$fhA)4FCPbMYi5
hHP`pA)44A'Q%MhHhYi5%K)5%K)5%K)5hYlHhYe@hK)5%K,HhYlHhYlHhYlHhYlF
!YlHhYlHhK)5hYlHhYlHCHR#2Yi5h!!!!YlF!!!!!6Qd!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)5%K)3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!,Hh!!!!!!!!!!!!!,F!!!!!!!!!!,Hh!!!!!!!!!!!!Ym@%K)4
FK)5hK)5hYlF!!!#%K!!!!)44!!!!K)5%K&%!!!#%K)5%K!!!!)5%K!!!!)5%K!!
!!)5%K!!!!)5%K)5%K)5%K)5%K)5%!!!!!!#%!!!!K)5%K)5%!!!!!)5%K)5%K)5
%23!!!)5%K$d!!!#%K)3p!!!!K)5%23!!!)5%K)3!!!#%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!K!!!!)5%K)3!!!#
%K)6&K("cCJ!!F'Ck8A0(Ge')A)44261"8ATQTQD)8ATFK&'%F'PFF&`!A(04K&&
kF)4QMh"`F)4cL$eFK)5%F&&`!(!!F(!!26eFA&`!A!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!#%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)J!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!A&aF!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)5%K!!!!!!!!!!!!(!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!p!!"T!Pa423"i5&!J6'&cCA*+CA3J58P*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!%K36%&658N`,P"58`!Q!Qd!caQq%+B)!!!!%#"3l!#*LMF5q`%X!3J"A!%
X!I!p(m*T*J*3+Pclr`8!-J$k&!!!!`"D!3!!N!!&!!!"!V!%!!$U"J!!!J+`"!!
!QJX!!!-#X!3!!%S3!!$8!4!!!!U*!$m!!!#f!$J!%!!"e0!,p`#3!$2B*`%!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#3!$2B*`%)8h4
KEQ4KFQ3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!d$E#*J%!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$30X)Q!3"6G'&
ZC'&bC!!!!!!!!!!!5&"-390*56!Z8&*6!#B#E3$2'Ei3TJJ!!!!!+Pb`",!%X!5
`"!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2F!#p$
3"JB!!3!'!!E3d`X-!$`!N!!"2!#@!!`!#p26#J`!C!"N!'3!1!!-!!V6LY-4#!"
98e9,#!!4dpN$"J!!!3B!!pR6!3B!!3-'!!(6!!%L!))!8`&S!F%"%3)e!K`$i`1
U"2rrrrqZ"2rrrrrrrej16R@6NqQa6Nj1NqP16Nj1Nj16Nj16Nj16Ndj1kHRTHHQ
YNk5TKS+YU8'#R(h8UE'+YCHANkQTkDQJMdj16R9e6Rf'IBCp9SD'1$Kp1-Z'KSD
'8R9@KS,,JS*`D(9SkFq6(C16!!#6Nj-!!!"1!*16Nj16N`"eNimi!+epVAfYIDe
pVAhPak4pKRf'IBCpKRe"1%%i36K"1+Q'XBDaKV''XBDTKUQ'UBDTKU##VAfTNl'
'XBDJJUQ'LSDYIDf6VC-!!+56T*1NNkQ6Nj16Nj16Nj-!!+f'VC1YNkf6VC1TNkQ
6NcL6Nj163BqpF*16R*-!!*16Nj0p9Adi!!!!S+Q6UC1aNl'6kG3!!*H6Pj-!!*G
ePj1ANj16Nj16NkQ'UC1TNkQ6!!#TKZR,S*-!!)p`%di!!!!!!(9e!!!!6J!!!!!
!!%j19qRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHR
TkHRTk@4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'41UDQ
TG3#6NdjjJS+6Nq'6AerTkC0E@h9eNqPE!%j1!(9eNqP@9ZRTNj12Ml(TGHPeUA8
!S0MBMirT!!!!!!"1G3!!!!!!!(8!!1%!k3!!@b,TkHRTUDRTkHPeUHRTHkQTkHR
TkHN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!GHATkHRTk3!0!1Pe6NlTkHRTkDQ+kHQTUDQTUDQTUDQ
TH%lTGDf6JT2TkDRTVA91NkPeNiDTYCITkDQTUDQTUDQTUDRTkHRTkAhTUDQTUHR
TkHRTkHRTkHRTkHN!kHRTkHRTUDRTkHRTkHR#R)qekDRT!!!!kHN!!!!!BiS!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+QTUDN
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1RT!!!!!!!!!!!!!1N!!!!!!!!!!1RT!!!
!!!!!!!!!kF@TUDPeUDRTUDRTkHN!!!#TU3!!!+PS!!!!UDQTU@J!!!#TUDQTU3!
!!+QTU3!!!+QTU3!!!+QTU3!!!+QTUDQTUDQTUDQTUDQT!!!!!!#T!!!!UDQTUDQ
T!!!!!+QTUDQTUDQT6J!!!+QTU8i!!!#TUDP1!!!!UDQT6J!!!+QTUDN!!!#T!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!U3!!!+QTUDN!!!#TUDR&VB+6I3!!JR@YIBCXMf1TKV&p36LFGDeje)+TJT0MXBD
TKSTpLSS!D*0XS(fqT+P`ZU#YXDf'U8k6XD#JVAf#!,%!S+!!6Nk6Nj-!N`!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#Y!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+N!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Nj16!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+#JS!!!!!!!!!!!!+d
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"1!!#'!R9S6J"i!!%L!))!8`&S!F%"%3)e!K`$i`1
U"2rrrrqZ"2rrrrrrrej16RQ6NqQa6Nj1NqP16Nj1Nj16Nj16Nj16Ndj1kHRTHHQ
YNk5TKS+YU8'#R(h8UE'+YCHANkQTkDQJMdj16R9e6Rf'IBCp9SD'1$Kp1-Z'KSD
'8R9@KS,,JS*`GA9ekFq6)j16!!#6Nj-!!!"1!*16Nj16N`"eNimi!+epVAfYIDe
pVAhPak4pKRf'IBCpKRe"1%%i36K"1+Q'XBDaKV''XBDTKUQ'UBDTKU##VAfTNl'
'XBDJJUQ'LSDYIDf6VC-!!+56T*1NNkQ6Nj16Nj16Nj-!!+f'VC1YNkf6VC1TNkQ
6NcL6Nj163Br#F*16R*-!!*16Nj0p@he"!!!!UDQ6UC1aNl'6kG3!!*H6Pj-!!*G
ePj1ANj16Nj16NkQ'UC1TNkQ6!!#TKZR,S*-!!)p`%di!!!!!!(9e!!!!6J!!!!!
!!%j19qRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHRTkHR
TkHRTk@4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'41UDQ
TG3#6NdjjJS+6Nq'6AerTkC0E@h9eNqPE!%j1!(9eNqP@9ZRTNj12Ml(TGHPeUA8
!S0MBMirT!!!!!!"1G3!!!!!!!(8!!1N!k3!!@b,TkHRTUDRTkHPeUHRTJUQTkHR
TkHN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!GHATkHRTk3!0!1Pe6NlTkHRTkDQ2kHQTUDQTUDQTUDQ
TH%lTGDf6LT2TkElTVA"1NkQ#NiDTYD$TkDQTUDQTUDQTUDRTkHRTkAATUDQTUHR
TkHRTkHRTkHRTkHN!kHRTkHRTUDRTkHRTkHR,R)qekDRT!!!!kHN!!!!!BiS!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+QTUDN
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1RT!!!!!!!!!!!!!1N!!!!!!!!!!1RT!!!
!!!!!!!!!kF@TUDPeUDRTUDRTkHN!!!#TU3!!!+Pe!!!!UDQTUA8!!!#TUDQTU3!
!!+QTU3!!!+QTU3!!!+QTU3!!!+QTUDQTUDQTUDQTUDQT!!!!!!#T!!!!UDQTUDQ
T!!!!!+QTUDQTUDQT6J!!!+QTU8i!!!#TUDP1!!!!UDQT6J!!!+QTUDN!!!#T!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!U3!!!+QTUDN!!!#TUDR&VBD6LJ!!JR@YKSCeMfbTKV'236bFGDeee)UTJUP`XBD
qMiU'MjF!E*0XS)VBUDQ#f+QqYDf'U8k6XD#J[SDA!,8!S+N!6Nk6Nj-!N`!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#Y!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+N!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Nj16!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+#JS!!!!!!!!!!!!,i
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"1!!#2!R9S6J"i!!%L!))!8`&S!F%"%3)e!K`$i`1
U"2rrrrqZ"2rrrrrrrej$3f4qIXLB3d0$IXK$3d0$IRjqIRjqIRjqIN0$b-M)D-L
8ISf3!(0[P*!!1'q&Dl@3!*KhR)+#IT!!N!$)N!#*HN0$3f4N3fYcDh0V5R0c-$"
V-+jcFh0c4Q4+FfqZEfpJ@@4Cb-pq'Ajq!!"qIRi!!!"$!(jqIRjqIJ"NIRS`!*4
VP'Z8Dj4VP'[%USeVFfYcDh0VFfXi-$J`1$!i-*!!FjKcQ(1BFjKcN!"cN!"cN!"
cN!"cL@q8Dj!!ITKcQ(1*Ej!!FhGcP'Z8IT4q!!#0ISeqMAk3!(jqIRjqIRjqIJ!
!P(18IT4qP(k8IT!!IT!!IRi`IRjqIMKkSQ"qIS9q!!"qIRjqDdPV-!!!!)Q3!(k
3!(kBITKqb,8!!)*qJRi!!)*NJRk#IRjqIRjqIT!!Fj!!IT!!IT!!IJ!!N!"cb+k
*IJ!!HQ!63`!!!!!!C'3!!!"$!!!!!!!!3d0Ab-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M
)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)C'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4
NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC'4NC%k3!*!!N!"N!(jq3fK[Ehjq`Aj48FM)INj1C'4
qb%i!3d-!C'4qb%T+b-KqIRTkQ-KNb'53!'3!LEQjHRV)!!!!!!"$C!!!!!!!!'3
!!-%!b!!!6L,)b-M)N!#3!-M)b'53!-M)DT!!N!$)b-M)b!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
NjFM)b-M)!!X!b'4$3mM)b-M)N!"hb-L3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!(K$b'5
8IQpqb-L3!-L8C%0qN!"NIR13!*b#b-L3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!-M)b-M
)DmL3!*!!N!#3!-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-J!b-M)b-M)N!#3!-M)b-M)b+H&HTc)N!$
)!!!!b-J!!!!!9AF!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*!!N!#3!*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$)b!!!!!!
!!!!!!!$)!!!!!!!!!!$)b!!!!!!!!!!!!-M&N!#3!*!!C*!!N!$)N!#3!-M)b!!
!!*!!N!!!!!#3!&N!!!#3!*!!N!#3!&N!!!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!!!!
!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!!!
!!!!!N!!!!!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!!!!!!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!%-!!!#3!*!
!N!"$!!!!N!#3!*!!3`!!!*!!N!#3!%-!!!#3!*!!N!#3!!!!!*!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!N!!!!!#
3!*!!N!#3!!!!!*!!N!#3!-@8EhjV!!"[C*4VFeek9C!!FjKV1$#&C*4SY@q3!'p
q9CKcN!"cGfYhG`"CIPf*Dk10N!"JRiQ8Q*4cN!"$ITL*LC4VE`#B!)Q*!%0$IRj
q!(i!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!#3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"qIRi!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!LBQ*!!!
!!!!!!!!!P!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!%-!!(-#C&P$!(Mlr`8!-J!p+!!!"!+
`"!!!,"8!!!8#X!3!!0`C!!!'!Mi*!!#-(J!!"`"c!!!!bLF!!!!")J##!&-"D!(
"!4%#03)F!q-$UJ6rrrrrVJ6rrrrrrrpH1d0GC'5bR%0$3f5b3d0$3f4NC'4NC'4
NC'4$3mLbb&QbN!"qLC4qGj!!P%01MAkeP*!!Fj!!K@YqP*!![C!!N!##3d0$C'4
$@@4CC&P$C'3i1'3iR'4NC'4+6MKNC*!!C'4C@@4Cb-pN!'4N!!"NC'3!!!"$!'4
NC'4NC!"NC'3i!*!!@C!!@C!!@C!!@C!!@E+&L9Pq@AjCIPPq@8-i3cK$1%-iP'5
3!'53!'53!'53!'58C*4NP'58C*!!C*!!@C4NN!"NN!"NN!"NP'4cC*!!C*!!C*!
!C!!!L@5*C)PNP'4qC(jNIQ4qC!!!N!"NN!"NN!"NN!"NN!"NP'58C'3iC'4NC!!
!NQpNC)eN!!"qC(jNIMKq1!!!!(D8C*4NN!"NN!"NXT!!!!#&C)9N!!"V6QYNDf4
qC(jNIQ58C*4NP'58C!!!!!#pN!#3!'3!!)*C%d-!!!!!!'4N!!!!3`!!!!!!!%0
$9mM)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M
)b(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(K1N!#3!*!
!C!"NC%0C89&NC,"NC'5bXQ4'C'4NC,*'!%0$!'KSC,)d0-M)C'4kHTM)C-KNN!"
N!(HRTfp[XJ!!!!!!3fJ!!!!!!!"N!!#p!2%!!%BLb-M)b*!!N!$)b-KNN!$)b'L
3!*!!XV,)b-J!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!C1@bXXM)b!!D!,*N3d2)b-M)b*!!HXLbN!#
3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!"i3mKNN!"NEf5bb*!!b)9N3f53!&PNFj!!R),)b*!
!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!b-M)b-KGb*!!N!#3!*!!b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b!$
)b-M)b-L3!*!!b-M)b-M)Ti9kR-L3!-J!!!$)b!!!!!"9G`!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!N!#3!*!!N!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-M)!!!!!!!!!!!!!-J!!!!!!!!!!-M)!!!!!!!!!!!
!b-@3!*!!N!"NN!#3!-L3!*!!b-M)!!!!N!#3!!!!!*!!@3!!!*!!N!#3!*!!@3!
!!*!!N!#3!*!!N!!!!!#3!*!!N!!!!!#3!*!!N!!!!!#3!*!!N!!!!!#3!*!!N!#
3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!!!!!!!#3!!!!!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!!!!!!#
3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!3`!!!*!!N!#3!%-!!!#3!*!!N!"$!!!!N!#3!*!!3`!
!!*!!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#3!!!!!*!!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!aC!!HRj[!!"
kEi9CINk#@C4NN!"C3cL0@B9[Y@q8@B9NN!"CN!"kFf4kC!"NIPQ3!&Q&HT!!Eja
kHRU3!(k83f53!*!!N!"k@AS!HJ"kHJ"$3f4NC!"N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!C'4N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*!!N!#3!!!!!!!!!!!!!(S!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!"$!!"c!Q4C3`"i!!%L!))!8`&S!F%"%3)e!K`$i`1U"2rrrrqZ"2r
rrrrrreil3f"NC,+F3d0$C,*$3d0$C'4NC'4NC'4NC%0$b,,)C,*kHS@3!(TcN!#
3!%0CK@qRKC!!HT!!HQ4[N!"kThT[Ed0$3f4N3f4N@@4C1'4N1$KC1*!!C'4NC%j
11'4CK9PC6PPN@FM2C!"NC!!!C'4N!!!!3`"NC'4NC'3!C'4N1!"kC(TNHQ4kC(T
NXS@&@ATCHPPk@ATC3cK$1%-i3cL&C*!!C*!!C*!!C*!!C*!!C*!!C*!!C*!!C'p
CHQ53!'53!'53!'4[@C!!C(TNHQ4kC(TN!!#&C)9NK@53!'4kC(TNHQ4kC!!!N!"
NN!"NN!"NN!"NN!"NN!"NN!"NC$KNC'4N!!#MC'4NK@3!!'pNEf4[1'mi!!!!HS9
NK@53!'53!'5pK3!!HQ4kC!!!C%jNC'4NEf4[C'pNN!"NN!"NN!"NN!"N!!!!!+H
&Ef3!!'p1%d-!!!!!!'4N!!!!3`!!!!!!!%0$9mM)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M
)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(K
iH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(K1N!#3!*!!C!"NC%0NA9eNC+jNC'5bXQ4'C'4
NC,*'!%0$!'4NC,)i1-M)C'4kHTM)C-KNN!"N!'ZBQ'4NXJ!!!!!!3f3!!!!!!!"
N!!#b!23!!%BLb-M)b*!!N!$)b-KNN!$)b'53!*!!XV,)b-J!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!C1@bXXM)b!!D!,*N3d2)b-M)b*!!HXLbN!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!"i3mK
NHQ4[C,,)N!$)K@4$C*!!@@4cN!#FJXM)N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!$)b-M
)b&h)N!#3!*!!N!$)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)!-M)b-M)b*!!N!$)b-M)b-LRKAUFb*!
!b!!!!-M)!!!!!&9h!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#3!*!!N!#3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!b-J!!!!
!!!!!!!!!b!!!!!!!!!!!b-J!!!!!!!!!!!$)aC!!N!#3!'53!*!!b*!!N!$)b-J
!!!#3!*!!!!!!N!"C!!!!N!#3!*!!N!"C!!!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!!!!!*!!N!#3!!!
!!*!!N!#3!!!!!*!!N!#3!!!!!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!!
!!!!!!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!!!!!!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!"$!!!!N!#
3!*!!3`!!!*!!N!#3!%-!!!#3!*!!N!"$!!!!N!#3!*!!N!!!!!#3!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*!!!!!
!N!#3!*!!N!!!!!#3!*!!N!$&HRTkE`!!HQq&@AT1EeQ3!'53!&P$1)9CK@qREi9
CK@53!&Q3!(TkC(TN!'4[@@pCKATkEjakHRTkHT!!3f53!'p[HPPk!(S!HRS!3d0
NC'3!C!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"k!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'4NC!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"[Efm
!!!!!!!!!!!"k!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3`!!F`*N@8-!H!%")J$L!)3#VJ*
J!`!%5!3@"U3(-JRrrrrr1JRrrrrrrrpH!%8!6J"X!(8!G3$2!,8!6J"1!%i!G3$
2!%i!6J"1!%i!G3"e!(8!G3"e!(8!G3"e!(8!G3"1!%i!k3$2!1N!D!$2!+N!N`#
J!+d!N`#+!+N!V3"1!&X!T!#6!03!V3#T!)B!U3#F!(d!N`#Y!+N!h!#T!+N!P`"
1!%i!6J"e!(8!6J"S!(8!D!"e!'J!6J"e!(8!33""!(8!33#e!(8!G3"e!(8!9J"
E!%%!G3"e!+N!G3"e!'J!D!"e!'J!k3$2!(8!!!"e!(8!!!!!!(8!G3"e!!!!!!!
!!%i!!!"e!(8!G3"e!(8!G3!!!(8!G3"e!%%!!!#T!'J!U3"S!+N!D!#T!'J!U3"
S!-m!R!#J!'J!N`"S!*-!D!#6!'J!N`"S!%i!33"1!%%!6J""!%i!33#Y!(8!U3"
e!+N!G3#T!(8!U3"e!+d!G3#Y!(8!V3"e!+d!G3#T!(8!U3"S!+d!G3#T!(8!U3"
e!+N!G3#Y!(8!KJ"e!+N!G3#T!(8!U3"e!!!!!!#J!(8!S!"e!+!!G3#Y!(8!N`"
e!*-!G3#6!(8!N`"e!!!!!!#T!(8!U3"e!+N!G3#T!(8!U3"e!+d!G3#Y!(8!G3"
"!(8!G3"e!(8!!!!!!+S!JJ"e!(8!T!"e!!!!!!#6!(8!N`"e!*-!33#6!%%!!!!
!!!!!LJ#Y!(8!V3"e!+N!G3#T!(8!c`#T!!!!!!#F!(8!R!"e!!!!!!"p!&X!I3"
e!(d!G3#6!(8!N`"e!*-!G3#Y!(8!V3"e!+d!G3#Y!(8!!!!!!!!!!!$F!+N!U3"
e!!!!!!#A!'J!%`"1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"e!(8!!!!!!!!!6J!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
1!%i!9`$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$
T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$
T!1N!k3"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"
i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!%i!U3#T!+N!G3!
!!(8!G3"1!'J!A`"I!(8!G3$0!(8!G3"e!-m!c`"e!&)!G3"e!(8!G3$2!&)!!!"
1!%i!!!"j!(N!G3$2!$`!2!$T!1N!G3"e!)m!M`#a!1N!G3$T!(8!U3"e!!!!LJ$
#!-)!JJ##!-m!!!!!!!!!!!!!!%i!H3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"e!!!!!!$F!!!!'3%
!!!!!8J!L!1N!k3$T!1N!U3#T!1N!k3$T!(8!U3$T!1N!H3#T!+N!c`$2!1N!k3$
T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!G3$P!-m!c`$T!1N!k3!!!"i!!!$
2!(8!6J"1!1N!k3$T!1N!k3#T!)m!k3$2!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!H!"
1!1N!G3#T!(8!JJ"e!-m!k3#T!1N!R!"e!%i!G3#T!'J!G3#'!+N!Y3#A!1N!k3#
T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3"X!1N!U3#T!+N!U3$T!1N!k3$
T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!!!!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!U3#T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$
T!-)!R!#2!,8!k3#T!1N!!!!!!!!!k3$T!!!!!!!!!!!!B`#+!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3#T!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$T!1N!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$T!1N!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!k3$&!+N!U3#T!(8!U3#T!1N!U3#T!1N!k3$T!!!!!!!!!+N!U3!
!!!!!!!#T!'J!!!!!!!!!U3#T!+N!U3"S!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!+N!U3!!!!!!!!#
T!+N!U3!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#
T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+N!!!!!!!!!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!!!!
!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!6J!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3"1!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#
T!%i!!!!!!!!!U3#T!+N!6J!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3#T!!!!!!!!!+N!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!U3!
!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3#T!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!-8!U3#2!*-!JJ!!!!!!M`##!*`!D!#
6!&X!P`"S!+d!G3#T!'J!6J""!+3!D!#F!))!e!##!+d!D!#F!(8!U3"S!+N!M`#
'!(8!M`"e!!!!G3#6!'J!U3"S!*`!M`#T!))!Y3#2!)m!M`#T!*-!V3"1!(8!U3#
T!+N!M`"S!)m!!!#2!!!!M`#2!!!!6J"1!(8!G3"e!!!!G3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#Y!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!G3"e!(8!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#2!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!%i!!!!!!)B!!J"e!'J!6J!
!!(J!3dFJ9'PYCA-J+&0MB@aKBQaP+3"9EQPfCA*c)#K6Bf&XB@*XC5N!9@jTGQ9
bFb"#EfaN)#K6Bf&XB@*XC5N!3dFJ9'PYCA-J5A4KE'PM)#K6Bf&XB@*XC5N!3dF
J9'PYCA-J3QpXC#!S8f0KE'&LE'8T!2[r"3!b!!!!!!!(!Mi*!!"[+!!!$`"F!`!
!V6%!!!J#X!3!!!Ne!!!)!!)!!!#j13!!!3%L!1)!K!+Z!Q!$!!4)""B'T!Fb#Ir
rrrmk#Irrrrrrrei!43"1!'`!G3"e!-m!`J"1!%i!6J"e!-m!6J"1!%i!6J"e!(8
!G3"e!(8!G3"e!(8!G3"e!%i!6J$T!-m!k3"e!-m!U3#F!+N!U3#F!)m!Y3#e!&X
!F!#e!*`!h!#T!,8!M`#e!+N!JJ#F!+N!U3$T!+N!U3#F!%i!6J"1!(8!G3"1!(8
!JJ"S!))!D!"5!(8!JJ""!%i!JJ""!-)!JJ"e!))!JJ"S!&X!6J##!(8!U3"e!(8
!D!"e!(8!G3$T!-m!G3!D!(8!G3!!!!!!G3"e!(8!!!!!!!!!6J!!!(8!G3"e!(8
!G3"e!!!!G3"e!))!33!!!+N!G3#T!(8!U3"e!+N!G3#T!(8!mJ#T!+N!D!#F!'J
!R!"S!*`!D!#F!'J!@`""!&X!33"E!%%!@`""!+N!JJ#e!(8!Y3"e!,8!G3#e!(8
!U3##!+N!JJ#T!))!U3##!+N!G3#T!(8!U3##!,8!G3#e!(8!U3"e!+N!G3#2!))
!U3"e!+N!G3#T!(8!!!!!!+N!G3#T!(8!U3"e!+N!JJ#F!(8!R!"e!*`!G3#F!(8
!!!!!!,8!G3#e!(8!Y3"e!,8!G3#e!(8!Y3##!,8!JJ"e!%%!G3##!(8!G3"E!))
!e!#'!(8!G3#e!))!!!!!!*`!G3#F!(8!R!"E!*`!33!!!!!!!!#k!+N!JJ#T!))
!Y3"e!,8!G3!)!Dd!!!!!!+N!G3#T!(8!!!!!!))!@`##!(8!JJ"e!*`!G3#F!(8
!R!"e!+N!JJ#T!))!U3##!+N!JJ!!!!!!U3##!1N!U3#T!(8!!!!!!*`!D!!6!%i
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(8!G3!!!!!!!!"1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!%i!6J"A!1N!k3$T!1N
!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N
!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!(J!H!"i!(J
!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J
!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!H!"i!(J!6J#T!+N!U3"e!!!!G3"e!%i!G3"M!'-
!G3"e!13!G3"e!(8!c`$2!(8!8J"e!(8!G3"e!-m!8J!!!%i!6J!!!)B!KJ"e!-m
!2!!m!1N!k3"e!(8!M`#2!,%!k3"e!1N!G3#T!(8!!!#6!-)!`J##!))!c`!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!6J#'!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(8!!!!!!0`!!!!3!3!!!!"5!#)!k3$T!1N
!k3#T!+N!k3$T!1N!G3#T!1N!k3#'!+N!U3$2!-m!k3$T!1N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"e!18!c`$2!1N!k3$T!!!!(J!!!-m!G3"1!%i!k3$T!1N
!k3$T!+N!M`$T!-m!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3"i!%i!k3"e!+N!G3##!(8
!c`$T!+N!k3#F!(8!6J"e!+N!D!"e!)B!U3#e!+!!k3$T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N
!U3#T!+N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!(!!k3#T!+N!U3#T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N
!k3$T!1N!!!$T!1N!k3$T!1N!k3#T!+N!k3$T!1N!k3$T!1N!b`#F!)m!Y3$T!+N
!k3!!!!!!!!$T!1N!!!!!!!!!!!"M!)S!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!+N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1N!k3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!1N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1N!k3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$T!-8
!U3#T!+N!G3#T!+N!k3#T!+N!k3$T!1N!!!!!!!!!U3#T!!!!!!!!!+N!G3!!!!!
!!!#T!+N!U3#T!(8!!!!!!!!!U3#T!+N!U3#T!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!!!!!!!!!+N
!U3#T!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3#T!+N
!U3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!U3!!!!!!!!#T!+N!U3#T!+N!U3!!!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!+N
!U3#T!+N!U3"1!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!%i!!!!!!!!!U3#T!+N!6J!!!!!!!!#T!+N
!U3"1!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!+N!!!!!!!!!U3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#T!!!!!!!!!+N!U3#T!+N
!!!!!!!!!U3#T!+N!a3#T!)m!R!##!!!!!!#2!))!R!"S!*`!@`#F!'J!Y3"S!+N
!D!"E!%%!Y3"S!*`!JJ$F!))!U3"S!*`!G3#e!'J!U3#2!)m!G3#2!(8!!!"e!*`
!D!#T!'J!R!#2!+N!JJ#e!)m!M`#2!+N!R!#e!&X!G3#e!+N!U3#2!'J!M`!!!)m
!!!#2!)m!!!"1!%i!G3"e!(8!!!"e!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!U3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!,8!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"e!(8!G3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!+N!U3#T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)m!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6J!!!!!!M`!#!(8!D!"1!!!!H!"X!KN!K!!c!'d
!23!f!#`"!3!!!!%LRbB#E3$2'Ei3TJJ!!!!3)&$X!)Q+0a,l!5B#82lqr[lqr[l
rr[rrrrlrrrlrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrf3$'J#[!$S!N`"1!%i!,!%"!"3
!!@#Z[!+6!(JCd"(`"3!!!!!38(m!pVXh%[X"[!*3r[lqr[lqr[rqrrrr![rrr[r
rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrSJ-E!+m!1J#8!%i!6J!X!3%!*`!"bF1m!T3!N!!
D`"))"`!!!!!3F(m!Z$mh%[X"[!+3!2lqr[lqr[lrr[rrrrrrrrlrrrrrrrrrrrr
rrrrrrrrrrrrrrf3$(!#@!$)!IJ"$!%-!,!%"!"3!!A$L@!*q!(JCd"(`"3!!!!!
38(m!pVXh%[X"@!*3r[lqr[lqr[rqrrrrr[rrr[rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr
rE!)G!*!!!$J!G`"$!$X!,!%"!!!!!9U-@!*h!-mC[K#Q#!!!!"!J81`!LBSh%[X
"@!*3r[lqr[lqr[m&rrrr#2rrr[rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrm!%H!*)!0J"
e!%-!1`!X!3%!2`!",YGB!R8!JKSQ%Pm)iJ3!%#"il!!N*MF5q`&B!PMqr[lqr[l
qrrrrrrrqrrrqrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrpX!L!!U!""!)X!6J"&!#`"!3!
!!!(+b,`#L`$2'Ei3TJJ!!!!3)&$X!)Q+0a,l!E`#82lqr[lqr[lrr[rrr`Irrrl
rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrl)"(`#T!%!!MJ"1!%8!,!%"!&S!!5$A[!+1!2-
CZ"&I#!!!!"!JF1`!AK!h%[X"[!+3!2lqr[lqr[lrr[rrrrrrrrlrrrrrrrrrrrr
rrrrrrrrrrrrrrl)"rrq4!$F!HJ"$!$X!,!%"!&S!!E#A@!*k!2-CZ"&I#!!!!"!
JF1`!AK!h%[X"@!+3!2lqr[lqr[lrr[rrrrrrrrlrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr
rrrrrrrm$!!!!!!!!N!!"!!!!$J!A"!!-!"lr!3)!!!!!!!"Z!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#
"$!!"!!J!!3!(!!!)"E8!!!@e!!!!!!!"#`!!!'X9a`9'1Si*F!$Q"3!")J##!&-
"D!("!4%#03)F!q-$UJ6rrrrrVJ6rrrrrrrpH1d0GC'5bTd0$3f5b3d0$3f4NC'4
NC'4NC'4$3mLbb'5bN!#&N!#3!)9kR*a1B*b&[C!!R(UFN!"[KC!!N!$)N!#3!)9
$3d0NC%0NEeP[@8CNEcK$EcLREf4[EeP13fpNN!"NC&PNC'6)cf3@C'3!!'4NC!!
!!%-!C'4NC'4N!'4NEcJ!N!"NN!"NN!"NN!"NN!"Ncj!!N!"CK9Q&@B9CK9P11%i
i6MK11*!!EjaNR'5FC*aNN!"[N!"[N!"[N!"[N!"NN!"NN!"[R'5FC*!!C*!!C(T
[N!"NN!"NN!"N!!#3!'53!'53!'53!'q&C)9NK@5&C!!!R'5FC*aNR'5FC*a[R'p
N1'4[C'41El9bC'5FE`!!K@5&C)91K6J!!!#IN!"[N!"[R'5FC1+8!!#3!'53!'3
!!'p1Ef4[C)9NK@5&C*!!Ej!!Ej!!Ej!!E`!!N!"[b*!!N!"N!!#&@40$!!!!!!"
NC!!!!%-!!!!!!!"$3eI)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M
)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(KiH(K
iH(KiH(Ki6T!!N!#3!'3!C'4$C&99C'6$C'4NXV*N4Q4NC'5b4J"$3`"cFf5b0$6
)b'4NHRUBb'6)C*!!C!"qTkG[El)!!!!!!%0c!!!!!!!!C!!![3$T!!"')XM)b-L
3!*!!b-M)C*!!b-KcN!#3!,+bb-M)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'6PXV,)b-J!'J#bC%0
$b-M)b-L3!(V)XT!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!H%2)C*!!C'pNXXL3!-L&C%0
NN!"CC(13!*b*b-L3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!-M)b-M)B-L3!*!!N!#3!-M
)b-M)b-M)b-M)b-J!b-M)b-M)N!#3!-M)b-M)b+k&HTc)N!$)!!!!b-J!!!!!9AF
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*!
!N!#3!*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!$)b!!!!!!!!!!!!!$)!!!!!!!
!!!$)b!!!!!!!!!!!!-M&N!#3!*!!C*!!N!$)N!#3!-M)b!!!!*!!N!!!!!#3!'3
!!!#3!*!!N!#3!'3!!!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!!!!!N!#
3!*!!!!!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!!!!!!!!N!!!!!#3!*!
!N!#3!*!!N!!!!!!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!*!!N!#3!%-!!!#3!*!!N!"$!!!!N!#3!*!
!3`!!!*!!N!#3!%-!!!#3!*!!N!#3!!!!!*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!N!!!!!#3!*!!N!#3!!!!!*!
!N!#3!-@3!(U&E`!!HQq&@B91K9QF@C!!@8iiR&Q&Ele[N!"CK@5F@C!!HRTNHQ3
!C)9CN!"CKAU3!'qFHRTkN!#&R%jNR*!!N!"k@AS!HJ"kHJ"$3f4NC!"N!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*`!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!C'4N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*!!N!#3!!!!!!!!!!!
!!(S!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"$!!"k!Q4C3`"i!!$8!4!!!!U3!!"C!!!!YJ!
U!"!!!G64!5-!!,`#N`"i'G!4m!8!!!!!%&"r!2Dl0a,l!3&JVV`#8#-!!G($$-2
4!5-!!E`#N`"i'G!4m!8!!!!!%&"r!2Dl0a,l!3&JVV`#8#-!!G(4!5-!!9J#G`$
2'Ei3TJJ!!!!3)&$X!)Q+0a,l!34DM&J#8#-!!G(%$-4"EL"KF("bEf&MD#"dEb"
K)&"$8#""EQ&XHA0TFb"[CL")G@e[GA)+26dp26dp26dp26dp26dp26dp26dp26d
p26dp26dp#JT"FQPcD@jR)'peG#"[CL"K)'0[ERCPFR0KG'P[EL"KG#"dD'8J3Q&
bCQ0PE'pZB5"$EfjRFQ9cFb"hC@aMEfePBfpMDh4KD@`JF'&bG(NZ#JV4!5-!"&J
#G`$2'Ei3TJJ!!!!3)&$X!)Q+0a,l!34DM&J#8#-!!G&5CA0`EfjcC5"dEb"SG@e
[GA)JBA-JB5"YBA4dCA)JEfBJFQ9MEfjcG(*eD@jR)'PZ)(0[E@8JGf&j,JS+5(9
YEh9b)'&c)(4SGf&bG'PZCb"dD'8JB@jdD@0TF'&dD@pZFb"[CL"dD'8JD'9KFQ9
b1b!JG'KP)'CeEQ4KE@9ZG'&X)("[Fh4eE'&dC6XJ)#*QG@jZH5)0CACPER4c)'&
c)'C[FQ0TEQFJB5#T)'j[EUPdD(*PBA4PEQPZCb%JU5"bCDPMEfjcG(*eD@jR)'p
Q)'9fC@jdFbiJ)%j[G'KTEQFJE'PVC5"dD(*PBA3JCQpb)'YTE'aTEQF0D(9YEh9
b)5N+#N0KEL"dD'Pc)'*P)'9iG'9ZC'9N)(9cD@jR)(4SC5"MEh*[E'aKFQPPFb"
KFb"K)'*KFfPc)'C[FL"dD'8JB@jKE(PcDA-r)#"8D'8JFfpMD@&XDA4j)'0[FQp
XE'&bH5"TF`eMCA*dB@PZE(NJD@jfEfafC@3JD@iJG'KP)'4PE'PfCA*j)'pQ)#*
cG'&ZC+PeF#)JBfpYC@4j,#"KG#"XC@&cG#iT)#""FQ8JG'KPFQ8JE@pbC5"dD'&
Z)(4SC3edD(*PC5!SF'p`G@aKFQaj)(0eF("[Ff9N+5"VD@jNFb"[CL"UEfYP2b!
J5A-JG'KPFQ8JB5"UEfYP)'0KG'GPEh*j)'C[FL"PB@0S)'0[FQpXE'&bH5`JCQp
b$@PZFh4KEQ0P2b!J6h)JCQpb)'9KBfJJG'KPFQ&`CA9dD@-JG'9MD'jTFA9P2`S
+5(9YEh*[GA-JFfPdG@&dD@pZFb"[FL"cF'9PBfKPFb"eFh9KE'aj)'PZGQpXGQ8
JB5"QEf0eFb"PE'9YC@jd,#"dD'8JBfpZFh4bG@PZCb"[CL"hD'PMD#"LH3edD'8
JBQ9SEfaNCA)JDA-JB5"MFQPdD@0KE#"`BA*d)'pQ)(4SC5"UEfYP,L!J5'&fD@j
R)'%JFf9ZFf8JEfBJD(9YEh9b)'PYF'aTCA-JG'KP)'&LD@aTG(NJG'm0FQ9MEfj
cG(*eC5"bBA"TC'aj,#"TEA"XH@PZCb"TEL"dGA*Z)'0[ER0dFR9TEQFJD@iJF(*
[F'pcDA4TEfjKE#"hBAPc,#"[FL"`CA*YDA4dD@jR)'C[FQ0PC!ebC@0[ER0dFR9
TEQFJEfBJG'KP)'C[Bh9c)'9XC@ePER3SFbNJGfPdD'peG#"QC@9XD@jR)(4SFQ9
KG'9ZC@3Z#JV8!4!!!!U3!!"C!"d6YJ!U!"!!!G6$#-2%#-4E8A9PFRNk)#"dD'8
JE@pbC5!LBfpbC5)JG'KP)'0[ER0dFR9MG#"dD(*PBA4PEQ9N,#"dD'8JCR9ZEQP
PFMpG#JT8D'8JFf9ZFfPLE'8JBA"`FQpKBfJJGfpeE'3JFf9PE5"dEb"LC5"dEb"
KEQ&XHA0P)'T[Df9c)'&ZC#"SG@e[FQpeFb"MEfeYC@jd)'PZ)(4PFQec)'pQ$A4
SC5"fBA*TCA4TCA-JEfBJFQ@TBfpZFh4bG@PZCb"KGQ&TE'&LE'8JG'mJG'KP)(4
SCA*KF'PcG#iJ)%C[FL"dD'8JE@pYC@jd,#"`C@jND@jR)'%JCR9XE'9b$@4PGQ9
XEh"YC@jd,#"PH'&YF'aPFb"YD@GSG#"LC6S+#Y3"%!!!#T!!!&N!NaLf!#S!%!!
"e-)!@!))"`J(J3$#`B#`",!%9J$"-#l"!JJ(#!H"!-&1Eh3JFQ9KE'aj)(*PBfp
ZFh4bG@PZCb`JBR9d)(0SD@CdD@jR)(4SC5"MEfjcG(*eBh3JEfiJG'mJG'KP)'C
[Bh9cFf9N)'9XC@ePER3JD5jP,L"dD'80e!%3!!!+NJ"C!(`CYJ!U!"!!!G4LC@K
[E'4PFL"SBA-JBQ9PEL"MEfjcG(*eD@jR)(4SC5!LGh*[EQFL)'9XC@ePER3Z)#"
8D'Pc)'eKH5"LC5"K)(0SD@Cd)'PZ)(4SC5$$#-0QEf0eFb"[CJh8!4!!!!U5!&N
!CaUf!#S!%!!"e'0[ERCPEQPPEQ0Pa!M%)'pQ)(4SC5"MEfjcG(*eBh3r)#!J+&*
KEQGP)'0[FQpXE'&bH5NZaK)L#!I'#L!+`J"B!JJ(#!H"!-,"J,!%X!4@!-("!JJ
(#!H"!-&&H'&YF'aP1XB5)JJ(aJS+e!%3!!!+N!!!@3!0(VB!+J!3!!(8`J"B!JJ
(#!H"!-,"J,!%X!4@!-%a,X%##!F)"i%!`90XEh3JFfKTCR4TEQFk)#"bCDPbBA4
P)(4SC5"QEf0eFb"PE'9YC@jd)'pQ)(4SC5"cDA4eBA4TEfiJG@jNCA)JBfpZFfP
NCA*KG'P[EL"eEQ4PFL"dD'80Eh"`Eh0TG'8JF'pXC5"[CL"dD'8JFQ9XCACKER3
JBfpZFh4bG@0d,XB5)JJ(aJS+`3))"`J(J3$"4AKKEA"XC6SJ)%4jD@jR)%T[D'i
X)%eKCfGTC5"KEQ3JG'KP)'*[D@aTEQFJD'&Y2`S+`J"B!JJ(#!H"!-,"J,!%X!4
@!-("!JJ(#!H"!-&E4A4SEQPM)'T[Df8Z)#$'%L))"mB+`J"B!JJ(#!H"!-,"J,!
%X!4@!-(#!!!!#!F)"i%!`X'!X!5`"&B!`F%##!F)"i%!`8T[D'iJ+(*PBfpfCA*
TEQFJBfpZFf0TEh9cEQ9cFb"QFQpY)'aPEQGdD(NJBfpYBG3'#J"K(f*`A!!+!!E
8+G3(#J"K(f*`A!!+!!I81L!J)NeKCfGTC5`JG'KKG#Gc)'&Z)'&hCR8R)'GeD@3
0`3*J#@!*U`$"FfePE'`JEbFJD'&Y,L!J55"MEh9XC#"QB@Pb)'G[)'%JBQPd)'m
R)'Pd,L,'%L))"mB+`3))"`J(J3$"6@&RCfPP1L!L@@8JBf&ZEQ%R)'KKGQ8JG'K
P)'KKE5`J5QpSEL`JDA3RFb"QEh)JH@peFL"QG@jPFQ&X)5*G#JV#!&J##!F)"i%
!`X'!X!5`"&B!`F%##!F)"i%!`5*#E'&MDb"SG@e[GA)L)'eKH5"LC5"K)'CbG@P
dCR9X)(0[GA*MC5"SCA*P)(0TEQ0P)'*j)'0[E@e[EL"MBA4PCfpbDA0KG'P[EL"
TG!eTERC[E(CPFb"bC@GKFQ4TEQFJBA-JCR9ZERNJC@aPE@9ZG(-JGfKTBfJJBA*
P)'j[FQeKE'aj)'0[ER0dFR9PC#"eFfPZCb"NDA0dD@jMG'aj$A9ZCR9ZERNJBfp
ZFh4bG@0dFb`JEh)JBA*P)'j[FQeKE'aj)'a[Bf&dC@3Je!-'!!%!"J!$e'&d)(4
SC5"eEUPQG@jZH5"`EfaPFb"[CL"MEfjcG(*eBh4c,XB5)JJ(aJS+e!%3!!!+NJ"
C!-XUYJ!U!"!!!G6#!&J##!F)"i%!`X'!X!5`"&B!`F%##!F)"i%!`99ZC'9bFh4
KG'9YC@jd)'&c)'%JFfpeFQ0P)'pQ)'KeE@peFL"YBANJBQ8JE'pMBA4PC#"SCA*
P,L!J4'pPFb"KG#"XC@&cG#$$#-0cEfePa!M%$A9ZC'9bFh4KG'9YC@jd)(*PU@a
[Bf&dC5"dD'8JC@aPE@9ZG#"KG#"dD'8JEh4SCA)JF'pXC6mJ)&0PC5"KE(0[)$)
Z)-B5)JJ(aY3!)J!!'VBV!3!!!!!!!3!!!(!YF#e`,E!%X!3!+Z!!!!!L!!$8M03
"%!!!#T!!!&N!!!#f!#S!%!!"e*R#!&J##!F)"i%!`X'!X!5`"&B!`6)Z`3))"`J
(J3$"4AKdC@jND@jR)(4SC5"bB@jRC5"[CL"MEfjfC@jTC@jMC5"[CL"K)'0[ER0
dFR9MG#`JEh)JEfBJEfjP)'pQ)(4SC5"MEfjcG'9XE'&dD@pZ)'pQ$@0[ER0dFR9
MG(-JBh9bFQ9ZG'aj)'4PF'a[H@9N,XB5)JJ(aJS+`J"B!JJ(#!H"!-,"J,!%X!4
@!-("!JJ(#!H"!-&&H'&YF'aP1L!J4f&bH5"-BA*cC@iRFb!L4Q&b)&0TC'8L)'0
KFR4[EfiRFcSJ)Q*PBA)JGfPdD#"dD'8JBfpKG+PSB@jRCA)L1b"dD'8JBR9XE!e
SBACTEQFJC'9cC@jcDA4THQ&dD@pZ)(4SCA*KF(Nl)(4SC5"QFQpR)(0dG@0V)'*
j)(4SC5"dEfjRG@8JG'mJG'KP)$Fd0bl'%L))"mB+#Y3"%!!!#T)!@3"f"EB!+J!
3!!(8`J"B!JJ(#!H"!-,"J,!%X!4@!-("!JJ(#!H"!-&$BA*dEfpZ)--)`f0KF(4
TEfjca!M%)'&c)'9ZB@*XD@jR)(*PU@0[ER0dFR9TEQFr)#"6GA"`E'PPC#"MEfj
cG(*eBh4c,#"TEL"PCQCPBh3r)#"8GfmJEfB0G'KPFf8JBf&bG'p[ER-JD'&fC5"
MBA"dD@pZFb"hD'PMD#"NEb"dD'Pc,#"dD'8JG'KTFQ3J+(4SC5"QFQpR+5"ZC@9
NFb"bCDPMEfjcG(*eD@jR$AGTG'K[GA3JD'PZG(-Z)#"*EL"dD'Pc)'0KFf8JGf8
JD@jfEfYP)(4SC5!LFfpMD@&XDA4j)'0[FQpXE'&bH5)JG'mJBfpZFh4bG@8JG'K
P)'CbEfFRF`eMEfjcG(*eD@jR)'pQ)(4SC5!h0$FJBA-J)QCXH@PZCb"[BQTPBh5
TF(*PH5)raK)L#!I'#JV"!JJ(#!H"!-&6EfeP)#*eEQ4PFR0dBA4PE@9ZG#)JE@&
j)(G[FQXJBRNJCAKdC@jND@jR)(4SC5"bB@jRC5"[CL"MEfjfC@jTC@jMC5i+#X)
!@!))"`J(J3$#`B#`",!%9J$"`3))"`J(J3$"4AKKEA"XC6SJ)(4SC5"9,P-Z)%&
TFL"'Eh*MC5"6B@*bC5"`D@a[G#!LF(9ZBfKTEQFJEh9d)'9KFQaj)L"QFQpY)'K
TF`dLG@jcCA*fD@0PB@*XC5)JB@PbBh*KCR3JD@iJ5fpbC@%Z)#"8D'8J)(&eEh4
KG'P[ER-JBA*P)'CbEfdJD'Pc)'0[E@*KG#"bCA"[FR3X)'PZ$AGSD@0S)(4SC5"
'1$BJD'&N)(*PBf9TGQ9N)(0eFh4KD@jPC#!c0feY)(0dFQPVCA-JCR*[E5"K)%e
T4kNa05l'%L))"mB+#X)!@!))"`J(J3$#`B#`",!%9J$"`3))"`J(J3$"D@iJGfK
TBfJJG'KP)(*KEQGP)'pQ)'0[ERCPEQPPEQ0P)'pQ)#*`G@jMD'PZCb"TEL#T)("
eEQ0SD@jR)'peG#)X)(GSD@0S)'0[ER0dFR9PFb"K$ACKFQPPG(NJEfBJBQaeCDP
MEfaXBA)JB@jN)'aPFh0PFL"UEf*c)'Pc)'9iG'9ZC'9N)(4[)'%JF'9bD@a[GA-
J+'&ZC#"ZEfeTEQ&XE(NJGfKTG'@UBfpXE'&b+5"PEA"XEhPYC@jd)(0TG(9KG'P
[ELl'%L))"mB+#Y3"%!!!#T!!!&N!(a1f!#S!%!!"e$*K,X%##!F)"i%!`9*PC(9
MD@jR)'pb)'4PERPTEQFJG'KP)(*KEQGP)'pQ)'0[ERCPEQPPEQ0P)'pQ)'pZC5"
[FL"YEh*P)'0[ER0dFR9MG(-X)'9dBbiJ,LiZ#JV#!&J##!F)"i%!`X'!X!5`"&B
!`F%##!F)"i%!`89iB@e`E'8k)#!L9'KPE5Gc)'j[G#"cBA*ND@jPFb"QEh)JC@&
dD@jR)5!J9'KPE5Gc)(0KFQ4TEQ9c)'C[FL"LGAPTEQFJB@jN)(0PE'aTEQFK)XB
5)JJ(aJV"!JJ(#!H"!-("!Q!*B!QV!-%SBA-JD@iJEANJC@&bE'PPFL"`Eh0dD@j
R)'pZ)'%JC'PQCQ9bC@jd)(4[F'PM+5i+#Y3"%!!!#T!!!&N!V"Hf!#S!%!!"e$-
Z`3))"`J(J3$"3fKKEQGTEQFJG'KP)'KTCA*KFQ0SD@0KE#"bC@aKG'P[ER0SDA!
SFbNJEfBJB5"MEfjcG(*eBh3X)'PQ)'pZE(NJG'9YF'pbBA*TE(NZ#JV"!JJ(#!H
"!-&&H'&YF'aP1L!r2`S+e!%3!!!+N!!!@3"3'lB!+J!3!!(8-f%Z`3))"`J(J3$
"4@e`E'pjD@jR)'%JBfpZFh4bG@0d)'&d)'&Z)(9ZB@jdD@0TF'&dC@3JD'PPFQ&
bBfKTBf&X)'aPGQ9X2b!J+&0dFR9MG(9bC5"MEh*[E'aKFRNT#JV#!&J##!F)"i%
!`X'!X!5`"&B!`F%##!F)"i%!`89iB@e`E'8k)#"dD'8JGA0P)'pQ)#*eER0PFRC
TBf9KBQaP)+NJFf9bGQPMC@&LE'8L)'PZFh4PB@3JEfBJ)Q*KG(4XCDPNB@eKCf9
N)+N0G@jNB@eKCf9N)L"TEL"dD'8J5fpbC@%JCAKKEA"XC5`JGfKPFQ8J)R9ZFf9
bGQPMC@&LE'8JU5"cCA*fD@0PB@*XC5)JDA-JB3ecGA"PFQpbC'PZBA4P)'0[ER0
dFR9MG#l'%L))"mB+#Y3"%!!!#T)!9`$'),B!+J!3!!(8`J"B!JJ(#!H"!-,"J,!
%X!4@!-("!JJ(#!H"!-($#-04G@9bH6SJ)'4[CA-JG@jNCA*cG'&dC@ePER3JEQ9
MCA0cBA*TE(NJD@jfEfafC5"cGA"PFQpbC'PZB@0j)(*KG'KPFL"dD'&Z$G3"%!!
!#T)!@3#[)EB!+J!3!!(8Fh9LEh*ND@jKBhNra!M%)-B5)JJ(aJSJ#Y3"%!!!#T!
!!&N!Jb1f!#S!%!!"e$3Z`3))"`J(J3$"8'pcFfPLE(NJ+("bCA0eE@&LE(Nr+5"
MEfeLD@jKG'P[ER-JEfBJB@aX)'pQ)(4SCA0P2`S+e!%3!!!+NJ"A!&8PYJ!U!"!
!!G6$#-04G@9bH6SJ)'0KEL"hC5"`FQpNG@0P)'%JFh9cG'&TEQ&LE'8JC'PcBh*
TE@PZBA4TEfiJEfBJ)RGTG#)JCR*[E5!LFfaKF(0dD@0V)L"QFQpY$G3"%!!!#T)
!9`!q*VB!+J!3!!(8)R0TG(9KG'P[EUPMEfePC(NL)#!Z,LiJ)'9dBbiJGA0TEQF
JFh9MD#"KEL"KEQ&XHA0TFcr%#-3S+!!!:

--=====================_815260918==_
Content-type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Bill Ramsay,
Dept. of Educational Studies,
University of Strathclyde,
Jordanhill Campus,
GLASGOW,
G13 1PP,
Scotland.

'phone: +44 (0)141 950 3364
'fax: +44 (0)141 950 3367
e-mail: w.ramsay@strath.ac.uk

--=====================_815260918==_--

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%