џWPC€  ћџ2кB4J~ Z€|xCourier New (TT)Times New Roman (TT)Arial (TT)єdў6X@ЩDQє@єCє\  PŽ6QєP(єJф2МPБŠQєPћџ2ю? ›Kцьйџєщоphoenixйб#&nў6X@ЩDQ&@#б Graphics formats and conversion Chris EvansChris EvansџЫ3џћџ2Šь К ŽЦ6Theading 1heading 1OEХХааб#Мgф2МPБŠQМP#бгггUSUKгУ УФ ФгUKUSгггб#&nў6X@ЩDQ&@#бХХDefault Paragraph FoDefault Paragraph Font11б#Xxў6X@ЩDQX@#бггггб#&nў6X@ЩDQ&@#бquoted letterquoted letter аагггUSUKггUKUSгггheaderheaderєъаааа` И hРpШ xа (#џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџмх џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџАмаагггUSUKггUKUSгггаамх џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџ` И hРpШ xа (#џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџмАааћџ26МŽђ footerfooterєъаааа` И hРpШ xа (#џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџмх џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџАмаагггUSUKггUKUSгггаамх џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџ` И hРpШ xа (#џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџмАааBody TextBody Text аагггUSUKггUKUSггга Х3и' 3и' Я6С& Я6С& Х аа АААN аа ААмм аей Ш йлfooterлаааа` И hРpШ xа (#џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџмх џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџАмаагггUSUKгллащаб#&Jє\  PŽ6Q&P#бChris Evans for the S.G.H.M.S. Information Policy CommitteeСрСDraft 1, и 2/1/5 ий Ш й лfooterлллащааамх џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџм4Œ ф <”ьDœєLЄџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџммааб#&nў6X@ЩDQ&@#бей Ш йлheading 1лХХааб#Мgф2МPБŠQМP#бгггUSUKгУ Уллащааа` И hРpШ xа (#џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџм4Œ ф <”ьDœєLЄџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџАмааззGraphics formats and conversionззФ Фй Шњ й л heading 1 ллллBody TextлаагггUSUKгллб#&Jє\  PŽ6Q&P#бThere are many formats for storing graphics. This creates problems, but the commonest cause of dissatisfication with graphics is simply that their quality is determined by the computerРРs way of displaying graphics. Most PC machines running windows will only use a limited number of bits to store colour information. If you are running in a 256 colour setting (or fewer), no colour graphics will look good. A match between the bits that were used when a graphic was created and the number used when it is put on the screen is vital and will render all other issues secondary.ХХй њ, й After understanding that, there are two other important things to grasp: one is that graphic images often involve a huge amount of information, i.e. require very large files for storage; the other is that they can be stored either simply as a Р Рbit mapРР or as a series of instructions about how to draw the graphic. The second approach may simplify things if the graphic УУis ФФa collection of lines but may make the size problem greater if the image УУis ФФa collection of dots. Chosing a Р Рbit mapРР format for line graphics is a mistake, using a Р РvectorРР or Р Рpage description language (PDL)РР format for something that starts as a bit map (i.e. photographic images, video material, and faxes) can also be a mistake. BMP and WMF are the commonest Windows bit map and vector formats respectively. Neither is a particularly good standard for quality graphics or for transportability between packages and machines. Р РVectorРР or Р РPDLРР methods can give some considerable degree of Р Рdevice independenceРР. That is, with appropriate software and hardware, the final form may be very similar on screen, on paper or in a transparency. The most important format is Encapsulated Postscript (EPS). An EPS file can be imaged or printed by any device that supports EPS at the maximum resolution, range of colours and fonts available. Furthermore, good sofware/hardware can substitute fonts of the general type (such as point size, face, & serif) to allow a reasonable facsimile of the original document when original fonts are not available. EPS file creation is an option in most good Windows and Mac graphics packages. (To confuse things, a true EPS file has both the Postcript instructions to draw the image УУandФФ a small bitmap image that can be used to display a quick and dirty on screen an approximation to that image.) EPS has spawned a derivative format: Р РAcrobatРР. This combines much of the power and device independence of Postscript and EPS with the hypertext power of HTML (see the document on WP formats). Acrobat reader programs for Macs and PCs are available. The latter is on the School server as a selfЉunpacking executable file: УУftp://www.sghms.ac.uk/mhs/psychotherapy/progs/acroread.exeФФ л Body Text лллTwo other file formats have become common. The first is GIF, the format used in CompuServe and used for most graphics in HTML documents. The second is TIFF which is available in all microcomputerЉbased graphics programs. Unfortunately, the TIFF standard is УУnot ФФstandard is often honoured in the breach which causes problems. Despite this software exists that will readily convert images between a huge variety of TIFF and other formats (such as HiJack Pro). It is hoped to provide such a package on the network or to provide a copy of the popular Corel Draw! package which will convert between many formats by reading and writing to them even though its own format, Р Р.CDRРР is not a recommended standard in the School at present.