{"id":1436,"date":"2021-05-20T10:45:42","date_gmt":"2021-05-20T09:45:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/?page_id=1436"},"modified":"2022-10-06T18:11:53","modified_gmt":"2022-10-06T16:11:53","slug":"chapter-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/book\/chapter-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 2.  A framework for outcome measurements"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">[From book: &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/book\/\">Outcome Measures and Evaluation in Counselling and Psychotherapy<\/a>&#8220;]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Headings<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u2018HARD\u2019 VERSUS \u2018SOFT\u2019 MEASURES<ul><li>Biological measures and markers<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>NOMOTHETIC VERSUS IDIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTORS<\/li><li>Box of key terms: idiographic\/nomothetic<\/li><li>GLOBAL, GENERAL\/GENERIC AND SPECIFIC MEASURES<\/li><li>WHO DOES THE MEASURING?<ul><li>Observer rating<ul><li>Trained researcher ratings<\/li><li>Lay raters<\/li><li>Professionals and therapists as raters<\/li><li>Automated\/computerised ratings<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Self-ratings<ul><li>Strengths of self-rating<\/li><li>Limitations of self-rating \u2013 Conscious awareness<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Design effects in creating questionnaires<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>OTHER FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN THE DESIGN OF OUTCOME MEASURES<ul><li>Types of ratings<\/li><li>Number of ratings<\/li><li>Time frames<\/li><li>How much data do we have from different viewpoints? Multiple raters<\/li><li>Frames of reference \u2013 differences in interpretation<ul><li>Figure 2.1.  Courtesy of Randall Munroe, see <a href=\"https:\/\/xkcd.com\/license.html\">his licencing<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em>[Created 20\/5\/21, last updated (tweaks) 6\/10\/22.]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.xkcd.com\/comics\/pain_rating.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-bright-blue-background-color has-background has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/book\/chapter-1\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1433\">Previous<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-bright-blue-background-color has-background has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/book\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1292\">Book contents<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-bright-blue-background-color has-background has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/book\/chapter-3\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1438\">Next<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[From book: &#8220;Outcome Measures and Evaluation in Counselling and Psychotherapy&#8220;] Headings \u2018HARD\u2019 VERSUS \u2018SOFT\u2019 MEASURES Biological measures and markers NOMOTHETIC VERSUS IDIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTORS Box of key terms: idiographic\/nomothetic GLOBAL, GENERAL\/GENERIC AND SPECIFIC MEASURES WHO DOES THE MEASURING? Observer rating Trained researcher ratings Lay raters Professionals and therapists as raters Automated\/computerised ratings Self-ratings Strengths of self-rating &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/book\/chapter-2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Chapter 2.  A framework for outcome measurements<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1292,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1436","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1436"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1436\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2984,"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1436\/revisions\/2984"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psyctc.org\/psyctc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}