OMbook_glossary

M

Minimal important difference (MID/MCID)

The Minimal Important Difference or sometimes Mimum Important Change or Minimal|Minimum Clinically Important Difference (MID/MCID)...

Mokken scaling

Mokken scaling is one of a number of "Item Response Theory" (IRT) ways of analysing...

Markov/Markovian process

A time series concept, pretty technical but does come up in our fields. Details A Markov, or...

Multidimensional scaling (MDS)

A method, similar to exploratory factor analysis, that takes a dataset of values for a...

Missing at Random (MAR)

To me this is a truly terrible name. It describes the situation in which...

Marginalised client groups

Exactly what it says really. Why put it here when it's so obvious that it...

Mixture models

This is a pretty cutting edge bit if statistics but the idea is very important...

Mean Squared Error (MSE)

What it says really: the mean of the squared deviation of a set of values...

MAPI trust

"Mapi Research Trust is a non-profit organization dedicated to improving patients’ quality of life by...

Monotonic relationship

No, not a boring relationship, hm, well, sort of. It's a relationship between two...

Methodology

I used to think this was a synonym for, or a rather pompous term for,...

McDonald's Omega

Often contrasted with Cronbach's coefficient alpha, thus creating a lovely "alpha and omega" of internal...

Multiple tests problem

This is an interesting phenomenon which should perhaps be called the multiple tests issue but...

Multilevel Models/Modelling (MLM)

These are statistical methods to handle non-independence of observations. For our purposes their great...

Measure

In Counselling and Psychotherapy a measure generally refers to a standardised way of gathering data/information...

Medical model

Term often used pejoratively to denote much that is bad about modern medicine affecting the...

Median

The median is the score in a set of scores that divides the distribution in...

Mean (arithmetic mean, average)

In colloquial language we use average to describe a norm or a “typical” set of...

Minimum

This is an easy one! Just the smallest value of a variable in any...

Maximum

This is an easy one! Just the largest value of a variable in any...

Modality

In Counselling and Psychotherapy, modality generally refers to the theoretical school of practice that is...

Mode, modal value

The mode is the most frequently occurring value in a set of data. For example,...

MCAR: Missing Completely At Random

Data are MCAR when there are no shared effects linking missingness on one variable and...

MICE: Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations

This is a sophisticated method to estimate the impact of missing values in data, particularly...

Missing values, "missingness"

In outcome/change measurement missing values are common and have to be considered carefully. Reports...